Nature's Focus: Eastern Tiger Swallowtail Butterfly


Photos courtesy of Thomas W. Gorman

by Thomas W. Gorman

One of the two most recognizable butterflies in our region have emerged from the chrysalis stage, and can be now seen throughout New Jersey. This butterfly in particular is called the Eastern Tiger Swallowtail butterfly, which can be found in fields, along streams and other waterways, as well as in your back yard.

The Eastern Tiger Swallowtail butterfly is easy to identify due to its large size and their bright yellow color, with black tiger stripes and patterns along their wings.  The male has a few soft blue and brighter orange spots at the rear of its hind wings near their tails.  The female can be found in not only the light form, (similar to the male, except she has many more blue highlights along her wings), but she also can be found in the dark form, (which also exhibits the blue pattern and some orange and yellow spots), and otherwise is a soft black color overall.  The female dark form mimics another species called the Pipevine Swallowtail.  It is generally believed that if an area has an abundance of Pipevine Swallowtails, then there will be more dark forms of the female Eastern Tiger Swallowtail.  Since the Pipevine Swallowtails eat from a plant called the Pipevine, they tend to be considered not so tasty to predators; hence, the female dark form Eastern Tiger Swallowtail tends to not be bothered by predation.

Their food supply is abundant and consists of Spicebush, Common Milkweed, Honeysuckle and Black-eyed Susan to name a few.  Since the Swallowtails are great pollinators, there are many available flowering plants and bushes which will attract them to your gardens.  Some other plants which are recommended and will look beautiful in your yard are: Shasta Daisy, Butterfly Bush, Butterfly Weed, Phlox, Beebalm, Baby’s Breath, Yarrow, Thistle and Joe-Pye Weed.  With any combination of these plants in your yard, you will be guaranteed to attract any number of butterfly species to your gardens, which without a doubt will include the beautiful Eastern Tiger Swallowtail.

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